The first thing to do when you want to get an F or M visa is to be admitted to a school that is approved by the U.S. government. Then an official at that school, called the Designated School Official (DSO), uses a system known as SEVIS to print out a form, known as an "I-20." Take that form to the U.S. embassy or consulate. Although you may be able to apply in another country, it is often very difficult to do so. It is much better to go to one in your home country.

What Information Is Required?

When you first contact the consulate or embassy, you'll need to fill out forms. Some of these are available online. Then you will need to go to the embassy or consulate for a short interview. You must show the U.S. officials that you:

  • Really are going to study and are qualified for the course
  • Know enough English to cope with the school in the United States
  • Have a way to support yourself for the length of your stay
  • Are likely to return home after you finish the course

Also, you must provide a valid passport, photographs, fingerprints and the correct fees. If all goes well, the embassy or consulate will issue you a visa, so you can travel to the United States.

Arriving in the United States

Once you reach the United States, you will be inspected. Show your passport, visa and I-20 form. If you convince the inspector that you are in fact what you say you are and that there's no reason not to let you in, the inspector will give you a paper called an "I-94," which will be marked to show that you are allowed to stay "D/S," for the duration of your status. You must report to your school promptly. If you don't, the school will report to the government that you did not show up, and you can be deported (removed) from the United States. If you don't have your I-20, it is possible that the inspector will let you in, but there is a good chance he won't. Be sure to bring it.

Can I Get a Student Visa in the United States?

Yes, if you convince the United States Citizenship and Immigration Services (USCIS) that you meet the rules to be an F or M student. You will need to have an I-539 form approved by USCIS. If you have come as a visitor, USCIS is likely to have doubts about you. Unless a good deal of time has passed since you arrived, USCIS probably will think you always meant to be a student, and just tried to take an "easy way" to get here, because it can be much harder to get a student visa than to come as a visitor.

Can I Extend My F or M Status?

Yes, if you are an F student and the DSO certifies that you have maintained your status and "compelling academic or medical reasons" require an extension. M students can extend for a total of three years in that status. To extend status, you will need to file an I-539 form and have it approved by USCIS. One way to extend your stay is through post-completion training, which is discussed in the article on employment of students.

Questions for Your Attorney

  • Why do I need to show the embassy or consulate people that I'm qualified for the course I'm taking? Isn't that the school's business?
  • Does the government keep track of my grades and how often I attend class?
  • Can the inspector refuse to let me into the country even though I have a visa from the embassy or consulate? Why?